DSIP has been investigated across several research domains since its discovery:
Sleep architecture: Early animal studies demonstrated that DSIP administration increased slow-wave (delta) sleep and reduced wakefulness and REM sleep in rabbits and rats. Human studies conducted in the 1980s and 1990s reported mixed results, some showing increased slow-wave sleep and improved sleep quality, others showing minimal effects, with variability attributed to differences in dosing, route of administration, and individual factors. The human evidence base remains limited by modern standards.
Stress and neuroendocrine modulation: DSIP has been shown in preclinical models to modulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, attenuating stress-induced ACTH and cortisol release in some studies. It has also been reported to influence the release of growth hormone, LH, and other pituitary hormones, though the regulatory mechanisms are not fully elucidated.
Antioxidant and neuroprotective effects: More recent preclinical research has explored DSIP's potential antioxidant properties and protective effects against oxidative stress in neuronal models.
Pain and withdrawal: Some clinical research from Eastern European institutions in the 1990s investigated DSIP in the context of chronic pain and opiate withdrawal, reporting reductions in withdrawal symptoms, though methodology in some of these studies has been questioned.